Genesis Essays (836 words) - Book Of Exodus, Bo, Shevat, Israelites

Genesis Both Dr. Dwindle Enns and Dr. John Walton touch premise on the book of Genesis. The two have comparative perspectives on the book, both specified on the strategy for perusing the Bible. Dr. Enns prescribed the group of onlookers to peruse the Bible as though one has never perused or known about it, to essentially adopt a visually impaired strategy to it. Dr. Walton prescribe the gathering of people to peruse the content without attempting to peruse anything into or crush anything out of it. Walton set up an objective to comprehend the content the way the creator needed it to be caught on. It is vital to comprehend the trustworthiness of correspondence between the creator and the main crowd. One must see the world the way the content sees the world, or the way the antiquated Israelites saw the content. Here is another perspective that both specialists shared both similarly and contrastingly: Israel and the Israelites. Enns see on Genesis is based off the parallelism of Adam and Isr ael. The scourge of Adam moved toward becoming with respect to him ignoring Gods coordinate requests, in this way making sin and being ousted. Same thing with Israel. The general population of Israel were living in the rich place that is known for Canaan, individuals were being defiant to God, so again oust must be put into impact. As indicated by Enns, Genesis is about the instructing the information of good and malice. Presently, then again, Dr. Waltons sees on Genesis is that there is no logical disclosure to this book. Understanding it in a mentality of the way the Israelites would have appreciated it, demonstrates that everything was justifiable in antiquated period. The perception of regular circumstances and end results does not expel God from the photo. Walton expresses that it is simply God and the general population, there is no possibility, no arbitrary, no likelihood. Everything that happens is a result of God or the general population. Conversely, Dr. John Walton accepts there is no science tied into the book of Genesis, that everything happens either in view of the doings of the general population and God needs to make a move or the other way around. Dr. Diminish Enns, despite the fact that it is not significant concentration that he discusses, science has a part to play all through the book. Despite the fact that, Walton trusts that the scourge of Adam was the start of beginning circumstances, and that when different circumstances happen it leads back to Adam; Walton guarantees that scriptural Adam is not as straight forward as we expect, and that the Adam that we are utilized to should be revisted, inferring that there is a science behind the majority of this. Similarly, both specialists speculations are both based off science versus confidence. These two likewise imagine that Gods reason for existing is helped out through human reason, that the book is for us yet not to us; the message rises above culture, b ut rather the shape is culture bound. Both Dr. Dwindle Enns and Dr. John Walton touch premise on the book of Genesis. The two have comparative perspectives on the book, both specified on the strategy for perusing the Bible. Dr. Enns prescribed the group of onlookers to peruse the Bible as though one has never perused or known about it, to essentially adopt a visually impaired strategy to it. Dr. Walton prescribe the gathering of people to peruse the content without attempting to peruse anything into or crush anything out of it. Walton set up an objective to comprehend the content the way the creator needed it to be caught on. It is vital to comprehend the trustworthiness of correspondence between the creator and the main crowd. One must see the world the way the content sees the world, or the way the antiquated Israelites saw the content. Here is another perspective that both specialists shared both similarly and contrastingly: Israel and the Israelites. Enns see on Genesis is based off the parallelism of Adam and Israel. The scourge of Adam moved toward becoming with respect to him ignoring Gods coordinate requests, in this way making sin and being ousted. Same thing

The Big Five Personality Traits Essays

The Big Five Personality Traits Essays The Big Five Personality Traits Essay The Big Five Personality Traits Essay Reaction Paper #1 The â€Å"Big Five† Personality Traits Throughout our lives, we, as humans, encounter others that we may either have an immediate connection with, must discover more about the individual to determine the relevant connection, or simply, we just cannot manage to maintain a cordial relationship. What determines whether or not we can get along with someone else is defined by an individual’s personality. A personality is an array of â€Å"psychological† characteristics that makes each person unique, in their own way. Upon analyzing my own personality, I believe that my overall character is one that understands, can relate, and focuses on the big picture both in my personal life and in the work environment. Therefore, in analyzing personalities in the work environment, I reference the â€Å"big five† personality traits to determine whether or not I do or do not agree with other individuals in the workplace. The first of the â€Å"big five† personality traits is â€Å"agreeableness. † I comprehend this attribute as an individual’s knack to get along with others. While it is great to agree with people just as much as it is not so favorable to typically disagree, it really needs to be balanced. In the work environment, agreeing with people does, for the most part mean that he / she tends to be accommodating. Yet, people can take that for granted. In my eyes, that is viewed as a weakness. While this trait is being analyzed in the work environment, we have to remember that the employees are also humans, and what happens in the work environment usually happens in one’s personal life. Always agreeing can also mean that the individual is submissive, and may do this at a time where assertiveness or conflict is necessary. Having the â€Å"agreeableness† trait must come along with analytical skills, so if and when there is an organizational decision that needs to be made, deciding â€Å"not† to agree may have to be the option for the benefit of the business. The next trait relevant to organizations is â€Å"conscientiousness. † This personality can have a large range or small range of objectives that he or she focuses on. An experience that I can reference back to where I dealt with a co-worker that was on the lower side of the conscientiousness spectrum was when she and I were compiling a list together to fulfill tasks that needed to be completed for a showroom install we were working on. She had too many goals that needed to be obtained at one time, which meant that, with a deadline, some goals were not going to be adequately fulfilled. As a result, this made some of our presentations appear incomplete. The best resolution would have been to tailor the list, focusing only on key priorities, and worrying about the fillers later. I tend to believe that someone that only focuses on a few goals at one time not only shows that they are organized, but their organization allows for their co-workers to feel less stress and not under pressure, even with a deadline set. The third â€Å"big five† is â€Å"negative emotionality. † This trait I view as a â€Å"personal life interference† trait. It is defined as the moodiness and lack of confidence â€Å"trait. It is understandable that everyone, at some point in time, becomes stressed during work, yet, â€Å"why† he or she is stressed and â€Å"how† he or she deals with it, are the key factors. An individual that becomes stressed about a report that has been assigned to him or her with an unrealistic deadline is relative to the work environment. Being able to remain poise and reassuring one’s self that the deadline can be made are personas of an employee that has â€Å"less negative emotionality. On the contrary, if the employee begins to lash out at others and continuously believes that the report will not be completed on time, the employee is has â€Å"more negative emotionality. † Understanding this trait very well because of my position I have with a variety of deadlines, having â€Å"less negative emotionality† is the best for the individual and for the company. The fourth characteristic is â€Å"extraversion. † Classified as an individual’s ease of being in relationships, this is probably the most important of all the â€Å"big fives. My reasoning for this assumption is that in business, everything is about relationships. With no relationships, business does not exist. Businesses need relationships within the firm, employees amongst employees, and outside the firm, employees with customers, and the business with its vendors. While the level of t he â€Å"extraversion† trait, meaning how â€Å"comfortable† one becomes in relationship, should be taken into consideration, relationships must happen in order for a business to be successful. The last of the â€Å"big five† is â€Å"openness. â€Å"Openness† is defined as the ability to foster new concepts and to adapt as a result of this new information. It is very important to be more open in the work environment. For instance, with advancement in technology, it helps a company become more efficient and cut down on costs to increase profits. Individuals who are not willing or â€Å"open† to do so can hinder growth, which in essence, will slow the success of the company. Personalities come in all shapes and sizes and â€Å"moods. † However, when it comes to the work environment, the most important are the â€Å"big five. With agreeableness, individuals need to analyze the situation before â€Å"agreeing. † Having more conscientio usness allows individuals to focus on few goals in order to be more result oriented. Having low negative emotionality leads to a less stressful being and work environment. Having an extraversion trait is essential because relationships allow businesses to exist. The openness trait will help the company reduce costs and remain competitive. By analyzing your own personality in the work environment, an individual can understand how best he or she can contribute for the betterment of the company.

Microcredit Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Microcredit - Term Paper Example The description of the ways in which access to credit eradicates poverty is also discussed in this paper basing the argument on empirical studies. Usman, Malik and Shafiq (2011) explain that regular banks are generally meant for people with money and thus microfinance becomes very necessary for the millions of poor people across the world. Microcredit institutions offer the small financial loans in form of microcredit to the poor with a premise that these people have financial skills and talents which can be utilized through financing for their own benefit and the society in general. According to Vasanthakumari (2008, p. 137), microcredit is necessary for the poor because it offers them the chance to utilize their capabilities and hence progress both economically and socially. Because dependency on charity only sustains poverty, microfinance becomes necessary to enable the poor to utilize their creativity and potential which is possible if people’s energy is concentrated on bu siness ventures and self development as described by Sin-Yu and Odhiambo (2011, p. 103). Microcredit is described by Madichie and Nkamnebe (2010, p. 301) as a form of finance that provides small loans to poor people which allows them to have an ability of self employment. According to Ghosh and Wright (2005, p. 298), microcredit targets poor people who need it to begin businesses and as a result it charges low interest rates as compared to the regular banking services. The Muhammad Yunus and Grameen Bank are credited for the introduction of microcredit as an economic innovation which targets poor people with an aim of empowering them and thus lead to a general development of the social systems. As a result of this innovation, Muhammad Yunus and Grameen Bank received a Nobel Peace Prize in 2006 because microfinance led to the empowerment of poor entrepreneurs, farmers and the unemployed. Durrani, Usman, Malik and Ahmad (2011, p. 138) illustrate that microcredit targets people in the unstable income bracket due to unemployment. Because poor people fail to meet the minimum financial qualification of regular banks before they acquire credit services, microfinance plays a significant in the economic progress of the poor. Poorer People Need Microcredit Lack of credit is attributed to the inability of the poor to progress economically and become wealthy as said by Haque and Harbin (2009, p. 4). Microcredit is therefore the best financial solution to the increased poverty especially in developing nations. The credit market within regular banks is full of imperfections and therefore microcredit acts to combat the problems related to the acquisition of credit from banks such as high collateral requirement. Sharma (2005, p. 288) explains that the difficulty of acquiring a loan from formal credit markets makes poor people to resolve into borrowing money from informal credit markets where they are vulnerable to exploitation. In the informal credit market, moneylenders give loans to the poor who have limited options and exploit them through charging exaggerated interest rates. In the developing economies, money lenders provide alternative credit services to the poor because the regular banks require very high financial qualifications for loans which the poor cannot attain. The role of microfinance in the eradication of poverty is therefore evident through the

He is My Hero - Essay about my Grandfather Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

He is My Hero - about my Grandfather - Essay Example He might never have caned me but his advice challenged me even at a very tender age. He would always be straightforward with me and warned me that he was not going to watch me turn into a wicked child. He was a very loving man, not only towards me but also towards my grandmother. My grandfather had a great heart, to be sincere, I have not known anyone with such a heart. His face always shone with a smile even when facing hard times. Most thought his life was ever smooth but we who were around him knew the many hardships he had faced. Even when he was sick and could barely raise his head, he always preached peace and love. He would call all of us, his grandchildren and tell us how important it was to be good to other even when they were not good to us. Being a great physician, he would always inspire me by the way he dedicated himself to ensuring that he gave his best to his patients. Sometime he would wake up in the middle of the night to go attend to patients even he was not in duty , particularly when he learnt that there were emergency case. I will never forget one incidence since it really touched me. It revealed to me something I had never known about my grandfather. I would often go to see him in the hospital when I was young since he worked a few metres from our house. While I was visiting him on one of the occasions there happened to be a patient who needed a liver transplant but had not found a donor even after making requisitions from several organizations that deal with organ transplant. However, it happened that my grandfather’s liver matched with his. Nonetheless, the hospital prohibited organ donation by the staff members. Irrespective of this, my father requested the surgeon in charge to arrange for him to donate part of his liver to the almost dying man. The surgeon was reluctant and reported the matter to the hospital administrator. When the administrator learnt of my grandfather’s plan, he threatened to sack him if he decided to g o on with his plan. Most thought that my grandfather would give up and forget about the whole issue but his personality could not let him do so. He demanded that he had to donate his organ, which he eventually did though he lost his job. Most of his workmates felt that he was irrational since he was helping a stranger at the expense of his job. Even the family members could not understand his actions. Several years later, I asked him why he had chosen to do this. What he told me made me realize he was a rare kind of a person. He was a bighearted hero and no one or anything could prevent him from doing what he was right. He told me that the best thing you can do is to follow your instincts if you felt what you were doing was right, since you only have one chance to live. Giving up a job to enable him donate his liver was one of the greatest sacrifices that a person could ever make. We knew he was noble and generous but not to such an extent. Those who knew him in the hospital thought he was just a physician like any other doctor, but he was more than that. You only needed to know him more to realize the kind of a person he was. When he lost his job, he decided to dedicate himself to charity work. Some thought he was ridiculous to spend his time working as a volunteer in hospitals that took care of less privileged. According to him, he was just doing the right thing. He was such a talented doctor, but he used his talent

Environmental Science Essay Example for Free

Environmental Science Essay Although attempting to subdivide existing farm plots and redistribute them may be considered suitable for the purposes of remediating food insecurity and rural poverty, there exists a significant amount of controversy over such a practice due to the issues such redistribution entail. For example, the redistribution of land would require that the distributing entity pick and choose claims and rights to land at their discretion, and such claims can range from historic, ancestral or even from â€Å"ownership of the till. † Land reform has met much resistance from even the most impoverished numbers of developing countries, and it would be difficult to attempt redistribution without shaking up the foundations of property rights. Farming co-ops provide a distinct advantage for farmers. First of all, they provide them the opportunity to act as a group, giving them a collective bargaining power that they do not possess as individuals and allows them to act in unison in seizing market opportunities while being able to manage risks together. In effect, they can leverage their interests better when united as a co-op and it is this asset that has brought success to the likes of the Ocean Spray Cranberry growers and the farmers of Sunkist. (Gable, 2006; Hieu, 2008) Opening up new land is perhaps the most rapidly actionable means of increasing the food supply for a growing population, but this also poses a liability with regards to environmental impact. The problem with agriculture, especially the large-scale grain-based industrial monoculture which has been developed to feed most of the world, is that it is largely unsustainable and has a detrimental effect on soil fertility. In the first half of the 20th century, a large portion of the American Midwest was reduced to desert due to aggressive expansion of the wheat growing agriculture. (Manning, 2004) As such, what is needed is not the expansion of the present industrial agriculture, but the development of techniques and technologies to improve farming so that yields are better, but without compromising sustainability. Pursuing job opportunities in the city is not entirely perfect, but it is a desirable direction towards the development of compact communities and urban density. When combined with practices such as permaculture, which is the development of perennial agricultural systems that resemble the systems found in natural ecology (Holmgren, 2003), compact communities effectively curtail many of the environmentally adverse effects of sprawl and the wastefulness of imposing distance between food production, residential zoning and urban sectors. (Sightline Institute, n. d. ) Ultimately, what is needed to address the needs of a growing population in the developing world is not the application of population control measures, or a voluntary call to asceticism, but the institution of developmental policies that recognize the needs and wants of human society on terms that are just to developing nations and corrective to developed ones. Alex Steffen (2006) notes that it is wrong to think we can talk developing nations out of pursuing their dreams, and deny them of the material luxury that citizens of developed nations take for granted. Therefore, what is necessary is bright green developmental policy, founded upon the idea that economic luxury continue without rendering the planet an uninhabitable wasteland. This would require cradle-to-cradle designs, closed-loop industrial systems and self-sustaining infrastructure, much of which is already possible today. The future is already here, it’s just not well distributed. REFERENCES Gable, C. (2006, October). â€Å"Fields of Power; Farming Co-Ops the Future of Biodiesel,† Organic Producer. Retrieved October 9, 2008 from: http://www. organicproducermag. com/index. cfm? fuseaction=feature. displayfeature_id=43 Hieu, T. (2008, July 27) â€Å"Farming co-ops may be answer to rural poverty. † Vietnam Business News. Retrieved October 9, 2008 from: http://www. vnbusinessnews. com/2008/07/farming-co-ops-may-be-answer-to-rural. html Manning, R. (2004) Against the Grain: How Agriculture Hijacked Civilization. New York, New York: North Point Press. Holmgren, D. (2003) Permaculture: Principles Pathways Beyond Sustainability. Hepburn Springs, Victoria, Australia: Holmgren Design Services. Sightline Institute. (n. d. ) â€Å"Build Complete, Compact Communities. † Sightline Institute. Retrieved October 8, 2008 from: http://www. sightline. org/research/sust_toolkit/fundamentals/great_places Steffen, A. (Ed. ) (2006) Worldchanging: A User’s Guide for the 21st Century. New York: Abrams, Inc.

Macbeth :: English Literature Essays

Macbeth The character of Macbeth is a classic example of a Shakespearean tragic hero. Some of the factors that justify this title to Macbeth are his greatness and outstanding potential, both as a warrior and a nobleman, his very powerful sense of ambition, and the outweighing of this flaw over his exceptional goodness. One of the many reasons that Macbeth is categorized as a tragic hero is his courage and success as a war hero. This is evident when, in the beginning of the play, the Captain narrates Macbeth’s braveries to Duncan, and the king himself refers to Macbeth as â€Å"noble Macbeth†. Right from the beginning of the play, Shakespeare clearly defines Macbeth as a well-respected war hero. The Captain talks about how Macbeth killed everybody in his path to get to Macdonwald and then â€Å"unseamed him from the nave to th’ chops† before finally spearing the head of his enemy. Furthermore, King Duncan himself refers to the protagonist as â€Å"noble Macbeth†, as he tells his noblemen, â€Å"What he (the Thane of Cawdor) hath lost, noble Macbeth had won† Therefore, the above mentioned instances convince the reader that Macbeth is indeed heroic, popular and courageous. Another reason leading to Macbeth’s tragic ending is his overpowering sense of ambition. This is discussed by his wife, Lady Macbeth, and Macbeth himself.After reading Macbeth’s letter, his wife voices concerns for him, one of which includes his ambition. She says that her husband has the ambition to be anything he wants, but not the heart to do what he has to do to get there. Moreover, Macbeth also characterizes himself as having a "vaulting ambition" which takes control of him and consumes his thoughts. Thus, Macbeth’s tragic flaw eventually leads to his self-destruction Yet another example of Macbeth’s tragic heroism is his flaw overtaking his capability to be naturally good. The murders of Duncan, Banquo and Macduff’s family are proof enough to show that Macbeth’s inner goodness and humanity have been destroyed and replaced by his ambition. When Duncan names Malcolm the Prince of Cumberland, Macbeth decides on the murder of the king. This involves him having to overcome hesitations, but aided by the persuasion of his wife, he undertakes this task. Additionally, Macbeth hires murderers to kill Banquo and his son, due to the witch’s prediction of Fleance becoming king. Finally, the slaughter of Macduff’s household by the same murderers, to ensure he would reach his ambition without obstacles, is a final seal to prove that Macbeth’s sense of ambition drives him to near-insanity. Macbeth :: English Literature Essays Macbeth The character of Macbeth is a classic example of a Shakespearean tragic hero. Some of the factors that justify this title to Macbeth are his greatness and outstanding potential, both as a warrior and a nobleman, his very powerful sense of ambition, and the outweighing of this flaw over his exceptional goodness. One of the many reasons that Macbeth is categorized as a tragic hero is his courage and success as a war hero. This is evident when, in the beginning of the play, the Captain narrates Macbeth’s braveries to Duncan, and the king himself refers to Macbeth as â€Å"noble Macbeth†. Right from the beginning of the play, Shakespeare clearly defines Macbeth as a well-respected war hero. The Captain talks about how Macbeth killed everybody in his path to get to Macdonwald and then â€Å"unseamed him from the nave to th’ chops† before finally spearing the head of his enemy. Furthermore, King Duncan himself refers to the protagonist as â€Å"noble Macbeth†, as he tells his noblemen, â€Å"What he (the Thane of Cawdor) hath lost, noble Macbeth had won† Therefore, the above mentioned instances convince the reader that Macbeth is indeed heroic, popular and courageous. Another reason leading to Macbeth’s tragic ending is his overpowering sense of ambition. This is discussed by his wife, Lady Macbeth, and Macbeth himself.After reading Macbeth’s letter, his wife voices concerns for him, one of which includes his ambition. She says that her husband has the ambition to be anything he wants, but not the heart to do what he has to do to get there. Moreover, Macbeth also characterizes himself as having a "vaulting ambition" which takes control of him and consumes his thoughts. Thus, Macbeth’s tragic flaw eventually leads to his self-destruction Yet another example of Macbeth’s tragic heroism is his flaw overtaking his capability to be naturally good. The murders of Duncan, Banquo and Macduff’s family are proof enough to show that Macbeth’s inner goodness and humanity have been destroyed and replaced by his ambition. When Duncan names Malcolm the Prince of Cumberland, Macbeth decides on the murder of the king. This involves him having to overcome hesitations, but aided by the persuasion of his wife, he undertakes this task. Additionally, Macbeth hires murderers to kill Banquo and his son, due to the witch’s prediction of Fleance becoming king. Finally, the slaughter of Macduff’s household by the same murderers, to ensure he would reach his ambition without obstacles, is a final seal to prove that Macbeth’s sense of ambition drives him to near-insanity.

High School Biology Lesson Plan – Properties of Water

Name:|Hailey Griffin| Lesson Plan Title:|Properties of Water| Grade Level: |10| Content Area:|Biology I| Sunshine State Standards or Common Core Standards:|Sunshine State Standards – SC. 912. L. 18. 12 – Discuss the special properties of water that contribute to Earth's suitability as an environment for life: cohesive behavior, ability to moderate temperature, expansion upon freezing, and versatility as a solvent. Behavior Objectives:|(Three parts: Condition, action, and measurement)Given a model of a water molecule, students will identify the oxygen and hydrogen atoms, the partial positive and negative areas of the molecule, and covalent bonds within the molecule. The learner will correctly identify the 4 main properties of water and give examples of each within 1 minute. Materials (including technology):|Students: Textbook, Pencil/Pen, PaperTeacher: Classroom board, markers, computer, Powerpoint presentation, Word processor, multiple copies of worksheets to pass out, Warm up :10 -15 Pennies, 10-15 Eye Droppers, Cups, Water Mini Labs: plastic petri dishes, paper clips, ethanol, water in eye droppers, glass slides, water, red food coloring, capillary tubes, straws, ice cubes, NaCl, salad oil in eye droppers, hot platesClosure: Koosh Ball| Hook/Anticipatory Set/Lead-In:Total Time: 15- 20 minutes|Prior to class, the instructor should gather the following supplies: Pennies, Eye droppers, Cups, Water.As students come into class, they should form groups of 3-4 people and pick up a one penny, one dropper, a small cup of water and return to their seats. They will also need a pencil/pen. Once every group has the proper materials, the instructor will hand out the accompanying worksheet (Appendix A). They should explain that each group is going to count how many drops of water will fit onto the top of a penny. The team with the most drops of water on their penny â€Å"wins†. As one student is dropping the water onto the penny, another should be count ing and recording the results.The other members of the group should be working on the worksheet, consulting their textbook for answers; this worksheet can be completed at home and is not to be turned in. | Procedures:Lecture: ~25 minutesWorksheet: Remaining class timeMini labs – Day 2, 45 minutes. |After the Penny Lab, the teacher should transition into a Powerpoint lecture on the properties of water (Powerpoint attached to lesson plan). The lecture should last for 25 minutes, enough time to get in the necessary information yet short enough to hold students’ attention.The following topics should be covered in the Powerpoint: the physical structure of a water molecule, states of matter, polarity, hydrophobic/hydrophilic substances, high heat capacity, cohesion/adhesion and surface tension, density and solubility. Once lecture is over, students will receive the Properties of Water worksheet (Appendix B) to work on during the rest of class and to complete as homework if n ot finished. This assignment will be due the following class period at the end of class and will be graded. The following class period, the teacher will set up the class into 6 â€Å"centers†.Each center is a mini lab and will focus on a certain property of water, the students should be able to use the knowledge they gained from the previous lesson to effectively answer questions about the properties of water. Each station will have a single worksheet (Appendix C) listing the procedure for the lab and 3-4 questions about the lab and property covered. Students must provide their own paper and copy down the questions and then respond; they can work together but must have their own answers. The work completed during lab time will be turned in a graded on the day of the test. minutes before class is over, the instructor should pass out a study guide and let students know that there will be a test the next class period, topics from both lecture and lab will be covered. | Guided an d Independent Practice: |On day 1, students will work together on the penny lab, and during lecture, students should be paying attention to the teacher. Finally, once the worksheet is handed out, students should be working independently. On day 2, students will be working in groups, rotating between centers; the teacher should be walking around class helping students when needed.On day 3 students will be working independently on the test. | Adaptations for ELL & ESE students|ELL students will have the opportunity to work with partners to receive peer support and help with complex concepts. Extra tutoring is available during lunch and afterschool. Vocabulary lists are available for pick up; students are encouraged to create flash cards to help them learn new vocabulary words. ELL students will also be given extended time to take tests. ESE students will be given extra time to complete assignments and complete tests.Complex directions will be clarified so the student is confident in w hat he/she is supposed to be doing. Students will be allowed to take short breaks during class and tests. | Closure Activity: |â€Å"Whip Around† Students quickly and verbally share one thing they learned in the class during the lesson. Students will pass around a koosh ball (or similar item) and whoever has the ball must give a short description of something they have learned. This could include topics from lecture, lab, or homework and could be an interesting fact, definition or short explanation of a concept.The teacher should be the first participant and will give an example of a good response, for example â€Å"Today I learned that solid water, or ice, forms a lattice structure which causes it to be less dense than liquid water, which makes it float. † This activity will end once everyone has shared their thoughts. If there is ample time and enough willing participants, this activity could also be used for students to gain extra credit points. Students who wanted to talk about additional concepts could earn up to 2 points extra credit towards their test.The previous day’s assignment should be collected. | Assessment/Evaluation:|On the start of the day 3, students will come into class and prepare for their exam. Once everyone is seated quietly the instructor should pass out the test in which students have approximately 40 minutes to complete (ESE and ELL students have more time). Once a student completes the test he/she should read quietly or work on other classwork. The lab assignment from day 2 should also be turned in for grading. | Appendix A Properties of Water: Penny LabTake a Guess: How many drops of water do you think will fit onto a penny? __________ Cohesion, adhesion, and surface tension are attractive forces between molecules and very important properties of water. Cohesion is the ability of water to â€Å"stick† to itself; it is a result of intramolecular forces (intra- inside, so this is adhesion within the molecul e). An example of cohesion is when you over fill a glass with water, the liquid rises above the rim of the glass but does not fall off the side; instead it bubbles up, which is also caused by surface tension.Surface tension is a special type of cohesion; it can be described as the â€Å"skin† on top of water, in the case of the overfilled glass, the surface tension caused the water to stick together and form the bubble over the rim, this property also allows some bugs to walk on water. Adhesion describes water sticking to other materials and is an intermolecular force (between neighboring molecules). Adhesion can be observed in the stem of a vascular plant; water molecules stick to the xylem tissue and â€Å"climb† up the plant. These properties occur because water is a polar molecule.A molecule of water is composed of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom, because of the relationship shared between these atoms, one side become slightly more positive and the other slightl y more negative. These partial charges are symbolized by the Greek letter delta, or ?. The polarity of water molecules allows water to dissolve polar and charged substances, making water a good solvent. Molecules that are uncharged, such as fats and oils, usually do not dissolve in water and are called hydrophobic. Procedure: 1. Place a dry penny on a flat surface. 2.With the eye dropper, drip one drop of water onto the surface of the penny, one drop at a time. Have one student in your group keep track of the number of drops. 3. Observe the surface of the penny as the water builds up. 4. Once ANY amount of water has spilled over the edge of the penny record your final count of water drops. 5. Clean up your area and return materials to your teacher. Final Count: How many water droplets really fit onto the penny? ___________ Class Average ___________ Reflection: Explain your results in terms of cohesion and surface tension.What do you think would happen if we added soap, a hydrophobic substance, to the water before dropping it onto the penny? Explain your answer. Find a picture of a water molecule in your book, copy the drawing and label the following: oxygen molecule, hydrogen molecules, ? +, ? -, and draw the intramolecular bonds between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms. Appendix B Properties of Water 1. a. Draw the structure of water. Include the partial charges of each atom. b. Why is water considered to be a polar molecule? 2. a. What enables neighboring water molecules to hydrogen-bond to one another? b.How many hydrogen bonds can each water molecule form? 3. a. Explain the difference between adhesion and cohesion. Give an example of each. b. How do adhesion and cohesion explain capillary action? 4. What is surface tension? Give an example. 5. a. What is specific heat? b. Explain why water has such a high specific heat. c. Explain why it is cooler by the lake (or any body of water) in the summer and warmer by the lake in the winter. 6. a. Explain why ice is l ess dense as a solid than as a liquid. 7. a. Why is water called the universal solvent? What does polarity have to do with this? . How does water dissolve a substance like NaCl? Draw a picture illustrating this. 8. What do hydrophobic and hydrophilic mean? 9. List five special properties of water and give an example (other than ones from this worksheet) of each. Appendix C Center 1 – Can you float a paper clip? Procedure: Fill a plastic petri dish to overflowing with water. Without disturbing the surface of the water, start at the â€Å"lip† of the plastic bowl and slide the paper clip across onto the surface of the water. Observe the way the water â€Å"bends† under the paper clip. Record your observations.Repeat using ethanol in place of water. Questions: 1. What property (properties) of water is (are) demonstrated here? 2. How can the surface of water act this way? 3. Why did the paper clip not float on the ethanol? Center 2 – Can you overcome the attr action? Procedure: Using a dropper, place 2-3 drops of water on one glass slide. Lay the second glass slide over the first. Try to pull them apart. Record your observations. Repeat using dry slides. Questions: 1. What property (properties) of water is (are) at work here? 2. How are hydrogen bonds involved in this (these) property (properties)? . Explain why glass is described as hydrophilic. Center 3 – How does water move through plants? Procedure: Fill a capillary tube and then a straw with a red dye solution (red food coloring in water) and raise them to a vertical position. Record your observations. Questions: 1. What properties of water are at work here? How does water rise up the tube? 2. Why are these properties important to a plants survival? Center 4- Is a solid lighter than a liquid? Procedure: Put a cube of ice in a beaker labeled and filled with â€Å"alcohol† and another in a beaker labeled and filled with water.Observe where the ice cube is in relation to the surface of the solution. Quickly remove the ice cubes for the next group. Record your observations. Questions: 1. Why is the ice cube at the top or bottom of the alcohol? Water? 2. Why is frozen water less dense than liquid water? 3. Explain how this property of water is important to marine life. Center 5 – Like dissolves like Procedure: Place a spoonful of NaCl in a beaker of water and stir. Place 2 droppers full of salad oil in the beaker of water and stir. Record your observations. Questions: 1. Why does NaCl â€Å"dissolve† in the water? 2.Why is it essential for compounds like salt and glucose to be soluble in the water found in our body? 3. Does salad oil dissolve in water? Explain your answer. Center 6 – Does water boil sooner if salt is added? Procedure: Obtain 2 beakers, one labeled â€Å"deionized water† and the other â€Å"salt water†. Add 2 spoonfuls of salt to the beaker labeled â€Å"salt water† and stir to obtain a solutio n. Place each beaker, with a thermometer on it, on a hot plate and determine which beaker begins boiling first. Record your observations. Questions: 1. Does the addition of salt make the water boil faster or slower?Why? What does salt do to the boiling point of water? 2. Obtain an ice cube and add salt to it. What happened to the area of ice where the salt is applied? Why is salt applied to icy sidewalks or roads in the winter? What does salt do to the freezing point of water? Appendix D Properties of Water Test Name: ____________________ Period: ______ Properties of Water Test Review 1. Define the following vocabulary: Cohesion Adhesion Surface Tension Capillary action Hydrophobic Hydrophilic 2. How does water density change†¦. a. as the temperature of water increases ____________ b. s the salinity of water increases ____________ c. as the temperature of water decreases ____________ d. as the salinity of water decreases ____________ 3. What is a polar molecule? 4. What type of bonds exist between the atoms of a water molecule? 5. What type of bonds exist between the adjacent water molecules? 6. Why is water called the universal solvent? 8. What happens to the volume of water as it freezes? What happens to its density? True/False True False Water contracts (gets smaller) when it freezes. True False Water has a high surface tension. True False Condensation is water coming out of the air.True False It takes more energy to heat water at room temperature to 212o F than it does to change 212o F water to steam. Why is water called the universal solvent? What does polarity have to do with this? How many hydrogen bonds can each water molecule form? Differentiate between the intramolecular forces and the intermolecular forces at work inside and between water molecules. Please draw a water molecule. Label the following: oxygen molecule, hydrogen molecules, ? +, ? -, and draw the intramolecular bonds between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms.